| Spoken language(s) | English 89.7%, Native North American 5.2%, Spanish 2.9% |
| Capital | Juneau |
| Largest city | Anchorage |
| Area | Ranked 1st in the U.S. |
| - Total | 663,268 sq mi (1,717,854 km2) |
| - Width | 2,261 miles (3,639 km) |
| - Length | 1,420 miles (2,285 km) |
| - % water | 13.77 |
| - Latitude | 51°20'N to 71°50'N |
| - Longitude | 130°W to 172°E |
| Population | Ranked 47th in the U.S. |
| - Total | 722,718 (2011 est)[3] |
| - Density | 1.26/sq mi (0.49/km2) Ranked 50th in the U.S. |
| - Median income | US$64,333 (4th) |
| Elevation | |
| - Highest point | Mount McKinley (Denali)[4] 20,320 ft (6194 m) |
| - Mean | 1900 ft (580 m) |
| - Lowest point | Ocean[4] sea level |
Alaska (
i/əˈlæskə/) is the largest state in the United States by area. It is situated in the northwest extremity of the North American continent, with Canada to the east, the Arctic Ocean to the north, and the Pacific Ocean to the west and south, with Russia further west across the Bering Strait. Alaska is the 4th least populous and the least densely populated of the 50 United States. Approximately half of Alaska's 722,718[3] residents live within the Anchorage metropolitan area.
History
Paleolithic families moved into northwestern North America sometime between 16,000 and 10,000 BC across the Bering land bridge in western Alaska.
After the second Kamchatka expedition, small associations of fur traders began to sail from the shores of Siberia towards the Aleutian islands. As the runs from Siberia to America became longer expeditions, the crews established hunting and trading posts. By the late 1790s, these had become permanent settlements.
In 1775, Bruno de Hezeta led an expedition designed to solidify Spanish claims to the northern Pacific. One of the expedition's two ships, the Sonora, under Bodega y Quadra, entered Sitka Sound and formally claimed the region for Spain.
Britain's presence in 1778
Alaska was purchased from Russia on March 30, 1867, for $7.2 million ($113 million in today's dollars) at approximately two cents per acre ($4.74/km²). The land went through several administrative changes before becoming an organized (or incorporated) territory on May 11, 1912, and the 49th state of the U.S. on January 3, 1959.
Longtitude: Kinh độ
Extremity: đầu cuối, cùng cực, đầu mũi
Metropolitan: Khu đô thị, trung tâm
BC = B.C. = Before Christ = Trước công nguyên
AC = A.C. = Anno Domini = Sau công nguyên
Administrative changes: Thay đổi hành chính
Administrative: (adj) thuộc hành chính, chính quyền, nhà nước
Incorporate: (v) kết hợp, (n) tổ chức, công ty
Territory: Lãnh thổ
Derive: Lấy được
Petroleum extraction: Khai thác dầu mỏ
Excluding <> Including
Paleolithic families moved into northwestern North America sometime between 16,000 and 10,000 BC across the Bering land bridge in western Alaska.
After the second Kamchatka expedition, small associations of fur traders began to sail from the shores of Siberia towards the Aleutian islands. As the runs from Siberia to America became longer expeditions, the crews established hunting and trading posts. By the late 1790s, these had become permanent settlements.
In 1775, Bruno de Hezeta led an expedition designed to solidify Spanish claims to the northern Pacific. One of the expedition's two ships, the Sonora, under Bodega y Quadra, entered Sitka Sound and formally claimed the region for Spain.
Britain's presence in 1778
Alaska was purchased from Russia on March 30, 1867, for $7.2 million ($113 million in today's dollars) at approximately two cents per acre ($4.74/km²). The land went through several administrative changes before becoming an organized (or incorporated) territory on May 11, 1912, and the 49th state of the U.S. on January 3, 1959.
Economy
The 2007 gross state product was $44.9 billion, 45th in the nation. Its per capita personal income for 2007 was $40,042, ranking 15th in the nation. The oil and gas industry dominates the Alaskan economy, with more than 80% of the state's revenues derived from petroleum extraction. Alaska's main export product (excluding oil and natural gas) is seafood, primarily salmon, cod, Pollock and crab.
Agriculture represents only a fraction of the Alaskan economy. Agricultural production is primarily for consumption within the state and includes dairy products, vegetables, and livestock. Manufacturing is limited, with most foodstuffs and general goods imported from elsewhere.
Vocabulary
Latitude: Vĩ độLongtitude: Kinh độ
Extremity: đầu cuối, cùng cực, đầu mũi
Metropolitan: Khu đô thị, trung tâm
BC = B.C. = Before Christ = Trước công nguyên
AC = A.C. = Anno Domini = Sau công nguyên
Administrative changes: Thay đổi hành chính
Administrative: (adj) thuộc hành chính, chính quyền, nhà nước
Incorporate: (v) kết hợp, (n) tổ chức, công ty
Territory: Lãnh thổ
Derive: Lấy được
Petroleum extraction: Khai thác dầu mỏ
Excluding <> Including
